CA Index Name: Phenothiazin-5-ium, 3-amino-7-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl, chloride (1:1)
Other Names: Phenothiazin-5-ium, 3-amino-7-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl, chloride; 3-Amino-7-(dimethylamino)-2-methylphenazathionium chloride; 3-Amino-7-(dimethylamino)-2-methylphenothiazin-5-ium chloride Basic Blue 17; Blutene; Blutene chloride; C.I. 52040 C.I. Basic Blue 17; Dimethyltoluthionine chloride; FKlot: Gabilin; Klot; Menodin; NSC 36758; Schultz 1041; To-lazul; Tolonium chloride; Toluidine Blue O; Toluidine Blue OO; Toluidine blue; Toluidine blue (phenothiazine dye); o-Toluidine blue
Merck Index Number: 9520
Chemical / Dye Class: Phenothiazine
Molecular Formula: C15H16ClN3S
Molecular Weight: 305.83
Physical Form: Dark green powder
Solubility: Soluble in water, ethanol
Melting Point: > 200 °C
pKa: 2.4, 11.6
Absorption (λmax): 626 nm, 630 nm
Synthesis: Synthetic methods
Staining Applications: Amyloid deposits; cells; gene expression; glycosaminoglycans; leaf cuticle; Mohs’ micrographic surgery; neurons; nucleic acids; nuclei; ocular structure; oral lesions; paraffin; phenolic deposits; prion protein deposits; proteoglycans; renal cells; RNA; skin lesions; sperm DNA; sperm chromatin; sputum
Biological Applications: Bound hyaluronan assay; DNA assay; bioelectronic applications; biofuel cells; microbial fuel cells; detecting bacteria, body fluid, nucleic acids, proteins, viruses; identifying Gram-negative bacteria, β-amyloid reducing agents; photodynamic therapy; treating eye diseases, fungal infections, oral lesions, skin diseases, nail infections, neurodegenerative diseases; medical devices
Industrial Applications: Photovoltaic cells; solar cells; inks; toners; electrorheological materials; recording materials; paints; detergents; rubber; textiles; analytical applications; security applications
Safety / Toxicity: Carcinogenicity; cytotoxicity; hepatotoxicity; microbial toxicity; mutagenicity; neurotoxicity; ototoxicity; photodynamic, toxicity
Certification / Approval: Certified by Biological Stain Commission (BSC)